Scientists have identified genetic variations that explain why weight loss rates and the intensity of side effects vary when taking anti-obesity medications.<\/p>\n
The study, published in the journal Nature<\/b>, is based on data from approximately 28,000 customers of the DNA-testing service 23andMe<\/b>, who shared their personal experiences using GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as semaglutide and tirzepatide).<\/p>\n
The research revealed that a specific variation in the GLP-1 receptor gene<\/b> is directly linked to the drug’s efficacy. Patients carrying one copy of this genetic variation lost an average of 0.76 kg<\/b> more over 8 months than those without it, while those with two copies saw a difference of 1.5 kg<\/b>. Although the impact of genetics on the rate of weight loss is relatively small, scientists believe it helps us better understand the underlying biological mechanisms.<\/p>\n
The influence of genetic factors on the risk of side effects is far more significant. The study showed that certain genetic variants increase the probability of vomiting by 57%<\/b> and nausea by 36%<\/b>. An especially high rate was observed with tirzepatide<\/b>, where a specific change in the GIP receptor<\/b> increases the risk of vomiting by 83%<\/b>.<\/p>\n
According to the researchers, the fact that these genetic variations were found in the very receptors that the medications target confirms the biological validity of the discovery.<\/p>\n
While it is still too early to use this data widely in clinical practice, the study provides an important foundation for personalized medicine<\/b>, enabling doctors to predict in advance which specific drug will be the safest and most effective for a given patient.<\/p>\n